Albert Science International Organization

Abstract

Enteric fever is a multi-systemic disease caused by members of the group Salmonella enterica. This disease is posing a serious threat to public health as it is linked to unsanitary practices and personal hygiene techniques. This study was screened for Salmonella enterica using conventional and serological techniques. Two hundred and twelve (212) stool samples were collected from patients attending a Federal Medical center. The samples were screened for Salmonella using conventional cultural, serological and molecular methods.  Six (6) isolates of Salmonella were identified. Standard disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates. Salmonella isolates shows high percentage of resistance against antibiotics with Gentamicin (100%), Nitrofurantoin (100%), Augumentin (83.3%), Cotrimoxazole, (83.3%) but sensitive to Ceftazidime (66.7%) and ofloxacin (83.3%). Others show varying percentage of resistance and susceptibility. Multiplex PCR technique was used in detecting resistance genes for the following standard typhoid fever drugs, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin.  PCR amplification technique was used for amplification and detection of various drug resistance related genes found in the Salmonella isolates. The following genes were detected; tem (291bp) in 3 isolates, catP (636bp) in 2 isolates and gyrA (313 and 234bp) in all 6 isolates. This study confirmed the need for multistep diagnosis of enteric fever, so as to provide appropriate and effective treatment.

Key words: Antibiotics Resistance Genes, Enteric Fever, Multidrug resistance, Salmonella, Typhoid Fever.

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