Albert Science International Organization

ARTICLE DESCRIPTION: 

Pereowei Stephen Daworiye, Koru Joe Alagoa and Ipiteikemuh Bekewei, Inhibitions of Bacterial Nitrification Using Extracts Of The Velvet Bean Plant Mucuna Pruriens In Clayey Soils In Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria, ASIO Journal of Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics & Applied Sciences (ASIO-JCPMAS), 2018, 3(1): 01-05. 

ARTICLE TYPE: Research

Doi: 10.2016-28457823; DOI Link :: http://doi-ds.org/doilink/03.2018-66856812/

ABSTRACT

The dynamics of Nitrogen in soils is a product of complex chemical and biological processes. Fundamentally, the level of Nitrogen in soil determines its fertility. The loss of nitrogen caused by bacterial activity (nitrification) represents a significant threat to soil fertility. Therefore extracts of the velvet bean plant Mucuna pruriens were applied to soil samples amended with ammonium sulphate in order to gauge its effect on the bacterial nitrification inhibiting activities in clayey soil samples in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. This simulation was done in order to measure the efficacy of the extract to prevent or slow down nitrification in the natural environment and thus boost the availability of nitrogen for agricultural purposes. Moistened soil samples amended with ammonium sulphate at 0.5mg/kg soil were treated with different concentrations of extracts (1%, 2% and 4%) at 60% water holding capacity, were analyzed at weekly intervals for 5 weeks for ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N)  and nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃⁺-N). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analyses using the SPSS® software. Simple percentages, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% limit and the nitrification inhibition rate of the various extracts and the inhibitory threshold times were determined using the sigmoid dose-response model. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was employed to compare means. Results indicated that a significant difference (P<0.05) in bacterial nitrification inhibition was recorded in all the treated clayey soil samples, ranging from 33.83% to 104.09%. There is therefore a significant difference in clayey soil sample response to percentage treatment levels. Also, there is a significant difference with time of exposure of soils to the treatment levels (P<0.05). High inhibitory threshold times were achieved for treated clayey soil samples. Clayey soil samples treated with 2% velvet bean extracts showed better nitrification potential than other concentrations (1% and 4%). It was also observed that the nitrification potential of the extracts from Mucuna pruriens plant increased over exposure time.  It can be concluded that the extracts of Mucuna pruriens is beneficial as a nitrification inhibitor to maintain nitrogen availability in soils

Key Words: Bacteria, nitrification, ethanol, Mucuna pruriens clayey soils, yenagoa.

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