Albert Science International Organization

ARTICLE DESCRIPTION: 

Priya Jain, Pathophysiology of Hypertension: Treatment, Diagnosis, Risk and Etiology, ASIO Journal of Experimental Pharmacology & Clinical Research (ASIO-JEPCR), 2016, 1(1): 08-15.

ARTICLE TYPE: REVIEW

dids no.: 03.2016-35559215,

dids Link:  http://dids.info/didslink/03.2016-44696291/

ABSTRACT:

Hypertension basically does not show any major symptoms initially, but persistent hypertension over time is a major risk factor for hypertensive heart disease, stroke, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, aortic aneurysm, and chronic kidney disease. Hypertension is further classified as either primary hypertension or secondary hypertension. Most of the cases, about 90–95% of cases are categorized as primary hypertension, defined as high blood pressure with no noticeable underlying cause. The remaining 5–10% of cases are categorized as secondary hypertension, defined as hypertension due to an restricted cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the aorta or kidney arteries, or an endocrine disorder such as excess cortisol,  aldosterone, or catecholamine. The simply way to know whether you have high blood pressure is to get it measured. The medical doctor will measure your blood pressure with an instrument called sphygmomanometer. Earlier the normal blood pressure reading was approximately 120/80 mm Hg, but as per the WHO guideline now a day it is considered as 130/90 mm Hg. There are several types of drugs used to treat high blood pressure, like Beta-blockers, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), Calcium channel blockers, Alpha-blockers, Diuretics, Alpha-agonists and Renin inhibitors etc.

Key words: Hypertension, treatment, diagnosis, risk, etiology